三、RabbitMQ - PHP 操作 RabbitMQ - （fanout）发布订阅模式

hi，我是温新，一名 PHPer

版本：erlang-25.2.1、rabbitmq_server-3.11.9

系统版本：Rocky Linux 9.1

学习目标：PHP 操作 RabbitMQ 之发布订阅模式

本篇文章结合官方文档编写及参考网络资料编写，虽非全部原创，但也是结合了自己的理解，若转载请附带本文 URL，编写不易，持续编写更不易，谢谢！

RabbitMQ 发布订阅， 分发一个消息给多个消费者（consumers）。可以对比着 Redis 中的发布订阅进行理解。不同的是 RabbitMQ 多了一个交换机。

本篇案例将演示日志系统。一个生产者生产消息，两个消费者，一个消费者输出消息，一个消费者将消息写扩日志。

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交换机

在之前的学习中，我们是直接把消息发送到队列中，而现在使用的是完整的 RabbitMQ 消息模型。

简单模式与工作模式回顾：

1、生产者（producer）是发布消息的应用程序；

2、队列（queue）用于消息存储的缓冲；

3、消费者（consumer）是接收消息的应用程序。

RabbitMQ 消息模型的核心概念是：生产者不会直接发送消息给任何队列。实际上，生产者不知道消息是否已经投递到队列。

生产者（Producer）只需要消息发送给一个交换机（Exchange）。交换机从生产者那里接收消息，然后把消息推送到队列。交换机相当于是一个中间人，它负责把接收到的消息推送到指定的队列。

交换机有四种类型：直连交换机（direct）, 主题交换机（topic）, （头交换机）headers和 扇型交换机（fanout）。我们使用 fanout 来实现发布订阅。

消息生产者

<span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(171, 178, 191);padding-right: 0.1px"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(98, 151, 85) !important">// MqProducerController.php</span></span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(171, 178, 191);padding-right: 0.1px"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(98, 151, 85) !important">// 发布订阅</span></span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(171, 178, 191);padding-right: 0.1px"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(198, 120, 221) !important">public</span> <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(198, 120, 221) !important">function</span> <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(224, 108, 117) !important">fanoutMq</span>()</span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(171, 178, 191);padding-right: 0.1px">{</span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(171, 178, 191);padding-right: 0.1px">    <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(224, 108, 117) !important">$exchangeName</span> <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(86, 182, 194) !important">=</span> <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(152, 195, 121) !important">'logs'</span>;</span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(171, 178, 191);padding-right: 0.1px">    <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(224, 108, 117) !important">$data</span>         <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(86, 182, 194) !important">=</span> <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(232, 191, 106) !important">date</span>(<span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(152, 195, 121) !important">'Y-m-d H:i:s'</span>) . <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(152, 195, 121) !important">' 王美丽来了'</span>;</span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(171, 178, 191);padding-right: 0.1px"><span style="box-sizing: border-box"></span></span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(171, 178, 191);padding-right: 0.1px">    <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(98, 151, 85) !important">// 1、声明交换机</span></span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(171, 178, 191);padding-right: 0.1px">    <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(224, 108, 117) !important">$this</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(86, 182, 194) !important">-></span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(209, 154, 102) !important">channel</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(86, 182, 194) !important">-></span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(209, 154, 102) !important">exchange_declare</span>(<span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(224, 108, 117) !important">$exchangeName</span>, <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(152, 195, 121) !important">'fanout'</span>, <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(209, 154, 102) !important">false</span>, <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(209, 154, 102) !important">false</span>, <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(209, 154, 102) !important">false</span>);</span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(171, 178, 191);padding-right: 0.1px">    <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(224, 108, 117) !important">$msg</span> <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(86, 182, 194) !important">=</span> <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(198, 120, 221) !important">new</span> <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(209, 154, 102) !important">AMQPMessage</span>(<span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(224, 108, 117) !important">$data</span>, [<span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(152, 195, 121) !important">'delivery_mode'</span> <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(86, 182, 194) !important">=></span> <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(209, 154, 102) !important">AMQPMessage</span>::<span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(209, 154, 102) !important">DELIVERY_MODE_PERSISTENT</span>]);</span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(171, 178, 191);padding-right: 0.1px">    <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(98, 151, 85) !important">// 2、把消息推送到交换机</span></span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(171, 178, 191);padding-right: 0.1px">    <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(224, 108, 117) !important">$this</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(86, 182, 194) !important">-></span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(209, 154, 102) !important">channel</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(86, 182, 194) !important">-></span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(209, 154, 102) !important">basic_publish</span>(<span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(224, 108, 117) !important">$msg</span>, <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(152, 195, 121) !important">'logs'</span>);</span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(171, 178, 191);padding-right: 0.1px"><span style="box-sizing: border-box"></span></span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(171, 178, 191);padding-right: 0.1px">    <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(224, 108, 117) !important">$this</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(86, 182, 194) !important">-></span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(209, 154, 102) !important">channel</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(86, 182, 194) !important">-></span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(209, 154, 102) !important">close</span>();</span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(171, 178, 191);padding-right: 0.1px">    <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(224, 108, 117) !important">$this</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(86, 182, 194) !important">-></span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(209, 154, 102) !important">mqConnection</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(86, 182, 194) !important">-></span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(209, 154, 102) !important">close</span>();</span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(171, 178, 191);padding-right: 0.1px">}</span>

生产者完成后可以调用看看，然后查看 RabbitMQ web 管理工具的 Exchange ，会发现多了一个 logs 的交换机。

订阅者

<span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(171, 178, 191);padding-right: 0.1px"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(86, 182, 194) !important"><?</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(209, 154, 102) !important">php</span></span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(171, 178, 191);padding-right: 0.1px"><span style="box-sizing: border-box"></span></span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(171, 178, 191);padding-right: 0.1px"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(198, 120, 221) !important">namespace</span> <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(224, 108, 117) !important">App\Console\Commands</span>;</span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(171, 178, 191);padding-right: 0.1px"><span style="box-sizing: border-box"></span></span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(171, 178, 191);padding-right: 0.1px"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(198, 120, 221) !important">use</span> <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(209, 154, 102) !important">Illuminate\Console\Command</span>;</span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(171, 178, 191);padding-right: 0.1px"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(198, 120, 221) !important">use</span> <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(209, 154, 102) !important">Illuminate\Support\Facades\Log</span>;</span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(171, 178, 191);padding-right: 0.1px"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(198, 120, 221) !important">use</span> <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(209, 154, 102) !important">PhpAmqpLib\Connection\AMQPStreamConnection</span>;</span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(171, 178, 191);padding-right: 0.1px"><span style="box-sizing: border-box"></span></span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(171, 178, 191);padding-right: 0.1px"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(98, 151, 85) !important">// 发布订阅模式-订阅者</span></span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(171, 178, 191);padding-right: 0.1px"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(198, 120, 221) !important">class</span> <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(224, 108, 117) !important">PublishMq</span> <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(198, 120, 221) !important">extends</span> <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(209, 154, 102) !important">Command</span></span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(171, 178, 191);padding-right: 0.1px">{</span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(171, 178, 191);padding-right: 0.1px">    <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(98, 151, 85) !important">/**</span></span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(171, 178, 191);padding-right: 0.1px">     <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(98, 151, 85) !important">* 使用参数来模拟多个消费者</span></span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(171, 178, 191);padding-right: 0.1px">     <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(98, 151, 85) !important">*</span></span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(171, 178, 191);padding-right: 0.1px">     <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(98, 151, 85) !important">* 不传参数，则把消息在屏幕中输出;</span></span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(171, 178, 191);padding-right: 0.1px">     <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(98, 151, 85) !important">* 传递参数，则把消息写入日志文件</span></span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(171, 178, 191);padding-right: 0.1px">     <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(98, 151, 85) !important">*/</span></span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(171, 178, 191);padding-right: 0.1px">    <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(198, 120, 221) !important">protected</span> <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(224, 108, 117) !important">$signature</span> <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(86, 182, 194) !important">=</span> <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(152, 195, 121) !important">'mq:sub {num?}'</span>;</span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(171, 178, 191);padding-right: 0.1px"><span style="box-sizing: border-box"></span></span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(171, 178, 191);padding-right: 0.1px">    <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(198, 120, 221) !important">protected</span> <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(224, 108, 117) !important">$description</span> <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(86, 182, 194) !important">=</span> <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(152, 195, 121) !important">'Command description'</span>;</span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(171, 178, 191);padding-right: 0.1px"><span style="box-sizing: border-box"></span></span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(171, 178, 191);padding-right: 0.1px"><span style="box-sizing: border-box"></span></span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(171, 178, 191);padding-right: 0.1px">    <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(198, 120, 221) !important">public</span> <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(198, 120, 221) !important">function</span> <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(224, 108, 117) !important">handle</span>(): <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(209, 154, 102) !important">void</span></span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(171, 178, 191);padding-right: 0.1px">    {</span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(171, 178, 191);padding-right: 0.1px">        <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(224, 108, 117) !important">$num</span> <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(86, 182, 194) !important">=</span> <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(224, 108, 117) !important">$this</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(86, 182, 194) !important">-></span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(209, 154, 102) !important">argument</span>(<span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(152, 195, 121) !important">'num'</span>);</span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(171, 178, 191);padding-right: 0.1px"><span style="box-sizing: border-box"></span></span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(171, 178, 191);padding-right: 0.1px">        <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(224, 108, 117) !important">$connection</span> <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(86, 182, 194) !important">=</span> <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(198, 120, 221) !important">new</span> <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(209, 154, 102) !important">AMQPStreamConnection</span>(<span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(152, 195, 121) !important">'localhost'</span>, <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(209, 154, 102) !important">5672</span>, <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(152, 195, 121) !important">'test'</span>, <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(152, 195, 121) !important">'123456'</span>, <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(152, 195, 121) !important">'sms'</span>);</span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(171, 178, 191);padding-right: 0.1px">        <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(224, 108, 117) !important">$channel</span> <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(86, 182, 194) !important">=</span> <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(224, 108, 117) !important">$connection</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(86, 182, 194) !important">-></span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(209, 154, 102) !important">channel</span>();</span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(171, 178, 191);padding-right: 0.1px"><span style="box-sizing: border-box"></span></span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(171, 178, 191);padding-right: 0.1px">        <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(98, 151, 85) !important">// 声明交换机</span></span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(171, 178, 191);padding-right: 0.1px">        <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(224, 108, 117) !important">$channel</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(86, 182, 194) !important">-></span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(209, 154, 102) !important">exchange_declare</span>(<span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(152, 195, 121) !important">'logs'</span>, <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(152, 195, 121) !important">'fanout'</span>, <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(209, 154, 102) !important">false</span>, <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(209, 154, 102) !important">false</span>, <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(209, 154, 102) !important">false</span>);</span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(171, 178, 191);padding-right: 0.1px">        <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(98, 151, 85) !important">// 获取队列名称并绑定交换机</span></span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(171, 178, 191);padding-right: 0.1px">        <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(198, 120, 221) !important">list</span>(<span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(224, 108, 117) !important">$queueName</span>, ,) <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(86, 182, 194) !important">=</span> <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(224, 108, 117) !important">$channel</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(86, 182, 194) !important">-></span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(209, 154, 102) !important">queue_declare</span>(<span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(152, 195, 121) !important">""</span>, <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(209, 154, 102) !important">false</span>, <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(209, 154, 102) !important">false</span>, <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(209, 154, 102) !important">true</span>, <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(209, 154, 102) !important">false</span>);</span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(171, 178, 191);padding-right: 0.1px">        <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(224, 108, 117) !important">$channel</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(86, 182, 194) !important">-></span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(209, 154, 102) !important">queue_bind</span>(<span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(224, 108, 117) !important">$queueName</span>, <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(152, 195, 121) !important">'logs'</span>);</span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(171, 178, 191);padding-right: 0.1px"><span style="box-sizing: border-box"></span></span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(171, 178, 191);padding-right: 0.1px">        <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(224, 108, 117) !important">$callback</span> <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(86, 182, 194) !important">=</span> <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(198, 120, 221) !important">function</span> (<span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(224, 108, 117) !important">$msg</span>) <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(198, 120, 221) !important">use</span> (<span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(224, 108, 117) !important">$num</span>) {</span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(171, 178, 191);padding-right: 0.1px">            <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(224, 108, 117) !important">$body</span> <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(86, 182, 194) !important">=</span> <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(224, 108, 117) !important">$msg</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(86, 182, 194) !important">-></span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(209, 154, 102) !important">body</span>;</span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(171, 178, 191);padding-right: 0.1px">            <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(198, 120, 221) !important">if</span> (<span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(232, 191, 106) !important">is_null</span>(<span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(224, 108, 117) !important">$num</span>)) {</span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(171, 178, 191);padding-right: 0.1px">                <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(98, 151, 85) !important">// 屏幕中输出</span></span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(171, 178, 191);padding-right: 0.1px">                <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(198, 120, 221) !important">echo</span> <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(224, 108, 117) !important">$body</span> . <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(209, 154, 102) !important">PHP_EOL</span>;</span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(171, 178, 191);padding-right: 0.1px">            } <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(198, 120, 221) !important">else</span> {</span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(171, 178, 191);padding-right: 0.1px">                <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(209, 154, 102) !important">Log</span>::<span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(209, 154, 102) !important">info</span>(<span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(224, 108, 117) !important">$body</span>);</span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(171, 178, 191);padding-right: 0.1px">                <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(198, 120, 221) !important">echo</span> <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(152, 195, 121) !important">'写入日志成功'</span> . <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(209, 154, 102) !important">PHP_EOL</span>;</span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(171, 178, 191);padding-right: 0.1px">            }</span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(171, 178, 191);padding-right: 0.1px">            <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(224, 108, 117) !important">$msg</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(86, 182, 194) !important">-></span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(209, 154, 102) !important">ack</span>();</span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(171, 178, 191);padding-right: 0.1px">        };</span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(171, 178, 191);padding-right: 0.1px"><span style="box-sizing: border-box"></span></span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(171, 178, 191);padding-right: 0.1px">        <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(224, 108, 117) !important">$channel</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(86, 182, 194) !important">-></span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(209, 154, 102) !important">basic_qos</span>(<span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(209, 154, 102) !important">null</span>, <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(209, 154, 102) !important">1</span>, <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(209, 154, 102) !important">null</span>);</span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(171, 178, 191);padding-right: 0.1px">        <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(224, 108, 117) !important">$channel</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(86, 182, 194) !important">-></span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(209, 154, 102) !important">basic_consume</span>(<span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(224, 108, 117) !important">$queueName</span>,<span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(152, 195, 121) !important">''</span>, <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(209, 154, 102) !important">false</span>,<span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(209, 154, 102) !important">false</span>,<span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(209, 154, 102) !important">false</span>,<span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(209, 154, 102) !important">false</span>,<span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(224, 108, 117) !important">$callback</span>);</span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(171, 178, 191);padding-right: 0.1px"><span style="box-sizing: border-box"></span></span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(171, 178, 191);padding-right: 0.1px">        <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(198, 120, 221) !important">while</span> (<span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(224, 108, 117) !important">$channel</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(86, 182, 194) !important">-></span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(209, 154, 102) !important">is_open</span>())</span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(171, 178, 191);padding-right: 0.1px">        {</span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(171, 178, 191);padding-right: 0.1px">            <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(224, 108, 117) !important">$channel</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(86, 182, 194) !important">-></span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(209, 154, 102) !important">wait</span>();</span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(171, 178, 191);padding-right: 0.1px">        }</span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(171, 178, 191);padding-right: 0.1px"><span style="box-sizing: border-box"></span></span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(171, 178, 191);padding-right: 0.1px">        <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(224, 108, 117) !important">$channel</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(86, 182, 194) !important">-></span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(209, 154, 102) !important">close</span>();</span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(171, 178, 191);padding-right: 0.1px">        <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(224, 108, 117) !important">$connection</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(86, 182, 194) !important">-></span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(209, 154, 102) !important">close</span>();</span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(171, 178, 191);padding-right: 0.1px">    }</span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(171, 178, 191);padding-right: 0.1px">}</span>

先运行起来，然后再对代码进行说明。运行消费者，如下：

<span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(171, 178, 191);padding-right: 0.1px"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(98, 151, 85) !important"># 消费者 1</span></span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(171, 178, 191);padding-right: 0.1px"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(224, 108, 117) !important">$</span> <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(209, 154, 102) !important">php</span> <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(209, 154, 102) !important">artisan</span> <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(209, 154, 102) !important">mq</span>:<span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(209, 154, 102) !important">sub</span></span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(171, 178, 191);padding-right: 0.1px"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(209, 154, 102) !important">2023</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(86, 182, 194) !important">-</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(209, 154, 102) !important">02</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(86, 182, 194) !important">-</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(209, 154, 102) !important">26</span> <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(209, 154, 102) !important">11</span>:<span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(209, 154, 102) !important">12</span>:<span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(209, 154, 102) !important">15</span> <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(209, 154, 102) !important">王美丽来了</span></span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(171, 178, 191);padding-right: 0.1px"><span style="box-sizing: border-box"></span></span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(171, 178, 191);padding-right: 0.1px"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(98, 151, 85) !important"># 消费者 2</span></span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(171, 178, 191);padding-right: 0.1px"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(224, 108, 117) !important">$</span> <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(209, 154, 102) !important">php</span> <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(209, 154, 102) !important">artisan</span> <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(209, 154, 102) !important">mq</span>:<span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(209, 154, 102) !important">sub</span> <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(209, 154, 102) !important">1</span></span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(171, 178, 191);padding-right: 0.1px"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(209, 154, 102) !important">写入日志成功</span></span>

临时队列

之前的案例中在使用创建队列。从本案例中可以看到，已经没有创建队列。那么该怎么办？

首先，当我们连接上RabbitMQ的时候，我们需要一个全新的、空的队列。我们可以手动创建一个随机的队列名，或者让服务器为我们选择一个随机的队列名（推荐）

第二步，当与消费者（consumer）断开连接的时候，这个队列应当被立即删除。

<span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(171, 178, 191);padding-right: 0.1px"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(224, 108, 117) !important">$channel</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(86, 182, 194) !important">-></span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(209, 154, 102) !important">queue_declare</span>(<span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(152, 195, 121) !important">""</span>, <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(209, 154, 102) !important">false</span>, <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(209, 154, 102) !important">false</span>, <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(209, 154, 102) !important">true</span>, <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(209, 154, 102) !important">false</span>);</span>

我们在声明队列的时候，队列名为空了，此时会生成一个包含随机的 RabbitMQ 队列名称。例如，类似 amq.gen-nX_MJuC_jPkY3zEc1nnQew。

再来回顾一下订阅的流程：

1、声明交换机；

2、声明队列（随机）

3、队列绑定交换机