作者：温新

时间：2021-07-10

hi，我是温新，一名PHPer。

当写完会，应该会发现，怎么这么熟悉。没错，在定时任务中使用过，也就是自定义artisan命令。Laravel提供了许多内置的artisan命令，来看看这些自定义的artisan命令吧。

内置artisan命令

查看所有artisan命令

<span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(0, 0, 0)">php</span> <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(0, 0, 0)">artisan</span> <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(119, 0, 136)">list</span></span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(0, 0, 0)">php</span> <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(0, 0, 0)">artisan</span></span>

内置命令

• help 查看指定命令的帮助信息，如php artisan help make:migrate
• down 将应用切换到维护模式
• up 将应用从维护模式恢复到正常模式
• env 查看当前应用的运行环境
• migrate 执行所有数据库迁移
• serve 启动PHP内置服务器

编写自定义artisan命令

第一步：创建自定义命令类

方法：make:command

php artisan make:command DemoCommand --command=demo:msg

该命令创建一个自定义的artisan命令类，--command=demo:msg指定自定义命令的名称。

该命令会app/Console/Commands目录下创建一个DemoCommand.php文件，内容如下：

<span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(152, 26, 26)"><?</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(0, 0, 0)">php</span></span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(119, 0, 136)">namespace</span> <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(0, 0, 255)">App\Console\Commands</span>;</span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(119, 0, 136)">use</span> <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(0, 0, 0)">Illuminate\Console\Command</span>;</span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px"><span style="box-sizing: border-box"></span></span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(119, 0, 136)">class</span> <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(0, 0, 255)">DemoCommand</span> <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(119, 0, 136)">extends</span> <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(0, 0, 0)">Command</span></span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px">{</span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px">    <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(170, 85, 0)">// 命令名称</span></span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px">    <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(119, 0, 136)">protected</span> <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(0, 85, 170)">$signature</span> <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(152, 26, 26)">=</span> <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(170, 17, 17)">'demo:msg'</span>;</span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px"><span style="box-sizing: border-box"></span></span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px">    <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(119, 0, 136)">protected</span> <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(0, 85, 170)">$description</span> <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(152, 26, 26)">=</span> <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(170, 17, 17)">'Command description'</span>;</span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px"><span style="box-sizing: border-box"></span></span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px">    <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(119, 0, 136)">public</span> <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(119, 0, 136)">function</span> <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(0, 0, 255)">__construct</span>()</span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px">    {</span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px">        <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(119, 0, 136)">parent</span>::<span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(0, 0, 0)">__construct</span>();</span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px">    }</span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px">    </span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px">    <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(119, 0, 136)">public</span> <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(119, 0, 136)">function</span> <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(0, 0, 255)">handle</span>()</span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px">    {</span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px">        <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(119, 0, 136)">return</span> <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(17, 102, 68)">0</span>;</span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px">    }</span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px">}</span>

第二步：编写代码

文件：app/Console/Commands/DemoCommand.php

<span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(119, 0, 136)">use</span> <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(0, 0, 0)">Illuminate\Support\Facades\Log</span>;   </span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(119, 0, 136)">public</span> <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(119, 0, 136)">function</span> <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(0, 0, 255)">handle</span>()</span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px">{</span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px">    <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(0, 0, 0)">Log</span>::<span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(0, 0, 0)">info</span>(<span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(170, 17, 17)">'自如初个人博客，使用自定义artisan命令'</span>);</span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px">}</span>

第三步：注册自定义artsian命令

文件：app/Console/Kernel.php

<span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(119, 0, 136)">use</span> <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(0, 0, 0)">App\Console\Commands\DemoCommand</span>;</span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(119, 0, 136)">protected</span> <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(0, 85, 170)">$commands</span> <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(152, 26, 26)">=</span> [</span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px">    <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(0, 0, 0)">DemoCommand</span>::<span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(119, 0, 136)">class</span>,</span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px">];</span>

第四步：执行自定义命令

php artisan demo:msg

基于闭包的自定义artisan命令

基于闭包的artisan命令定义在reoutes/console.php文件中，当然了可以定义在web.php，也可以定义在某个服务提供中者中，这里我就定义在console.php文件中。

第一步：定义闭包artisan命令

文件：routes/console.php

<span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(0, 0, 0)">Artisan</span>::<span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(0, 0, 0)">command</span>(<span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(170, 17, 17)">'demo:msg1'</span>,<span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(119, 0, 136)">function</span>(){</span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px">    <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(0, 85, 170)">$this</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(152, 26, 26)">-></span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(0, 0, 0)">info</span>(<span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(170, 17, 17)">'基于闭包的artisan命令'</span>);</span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px">})<span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(152, 26, 26)">-></span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(0, 0, 0)">describe</span>(<span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(170, 17, 17)">'我是描述内容'</span>);</span>

第一个参数：自定义的artisan命令；

第二个参数，闭包函数

第二步：执行自定义artisan命令

php artisan demo;msg1

这就是自定义artsian命令的简单用法。

我是温新

每天进步一点点，就一点点