Laravel进阶系列笔记--(十一)Laravel Linux中实现定时任务
作者：温新
时间：2021-07-10
hi，我是温新，一名PHPer。
本篇文章基于CentOS7.7搭建的PHP环境进行演示。
Laravel实现定时任务真的是太简单了，而windows确实繁琐了很多。现在就来体验一下Linux中的定时任务吧。
Linux中基于Command的定时任务
第一步：创建command任务
php artisan make:command TestCommand
该命令会在app/Console/Commands目录下生成对应的文件。Commands目录默认不存在，执行命令时会自动创建。生成的文件内容如下：
<span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(152, 26, 26)"><?</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(0, 0, 0)">php</span></span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(119, 0, 136)">namespace</span> <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(0, 0, 255)">App\Console\Commands</span>;</span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(119, 0, 136)">use</span> <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(0, 0, 0)">Illuminate\Console\Command</span>;</span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px"><span style="box-sizing: border-box"></span></span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(119, 0, 136)">class</span> <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(0, 0, 255)">TestCommand</span> <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(119, 0, 136)">extends</span> <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(0, 0, 0)">Command</span></span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px">{</span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px"> <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(170, 85, 0)">// 命令名称</span></span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px"> <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(119, 0, 136)">protected</span> <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(0, 85, 170)">$signature</span> <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(152, 26, 26)">=</span> <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(170, 17, 17)">'command:name'</span>;</span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px"> <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(170, 85, 0)">// 命令描述</span></span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px"> <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(119, 0, 136)">protected</span> <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(0, 85, 170)">$description</span> <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(152, 26, 26)">=</span> <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(170, 17, 17)">'Command description'</span>;</span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px"><span style="box-sizing: border-box"></span></span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px"> <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(119, 0, 136)">public</span> <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(119, 0, 136)">function</span> <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(0, 0, 255)">__construct</span>()</span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px"> {</span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px"> <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(119, 0, 136)">parent</span>::<span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(0, 0, 0)">__construct</span>();</span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px"> }</span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px"> <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(170, 85, 0)">// 定时任务处理逻辑</span></span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px"> <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(119, 0, 136)">public</span> <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(119, 0, 136)">function</span> <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(0, 0, 255)">handle</span>()</span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px"> {</span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px"> <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(119, 0, 136)">return</span> <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(17, 102, 68)">0</span>;</span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px"> }</span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px">}</span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px"><span style="box-sizing: border-box"></span></span>
第二步：修改生成的文件
文件：app/Console/Commands/TestCommand.php
<span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(119, 0, 136)">use</span> <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(0, 0, 0)">Illuminate\Support\Facades\Log</span>;</span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px"><span style="box-sizing: border-box"></span></span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(119, 0, 136)">protected</span> <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(0, 85, 170)">$signature</span> <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(152, 26, 26)">=</span> <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(170, 17, 17)">'sche:test'</span>;</span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(119, 0, 136)">public</span> <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(119, 0, 136)">function</span> <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(0, 0, 255)">handle</span>()</span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px">{</span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px"> <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(170, 85, 0)">// 需要处理的任务</span></span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px"> <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(0, 0, 0)">Log</span>::<span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(0, 0, 0)">info</span>(<span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(170, 17, 17)">'command命执行的定时任务'</span>);</span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px">}</span>
第三步：crotab添加定时任务
每分钟执行一次任务
* * * * * php /www/laravelStudy/schela8/artisan msg:hi >> /dev/null 2>&1
这样定时任务就解决啦。
错误解决：/bin/sh: php: command not found
定时任务已经设置好，时间到了，却没有执行，现在一步一步来解决。
第一步：查看PHP的环境变量
<span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(119, 0, 136)">echo</span> <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(0, 85, 170)">$PATH</span>;</span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(152, 26, 26)">/</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(0, 0, 0)">usr</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(152, 26, 26)">/</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(0, 0, 0)">local</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(152, 26, 26)">/</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(0, 0, 0)">sbin</span>:<span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(152, 26, 26)">/</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(0, 0, 0)">usr</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(152, 26, 26)">/</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(0, 0, 0)">local</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(152, 26, 26)">/</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(0, 0, 0)">bin</span>:<span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(152, 26, 26)">/</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(0, 0, 0)">usr</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(152, 26, 26)">/</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(0, 0, 0)">sbin</span>:</span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(152, 26, 26)">/</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(0, 0, 0)">usr</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(152, 26, 26)">/</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(0, 0, 0)">bin</span>:<span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(152, 26, 26)">/</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(0, 0, 0)">usr</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(152, 26, 26)">/</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(0, 0, 0)">local</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(152, 26, 26)">/</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(0, 0, 0)">mysql8</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(152, 26, 26)">/</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(0, 0, 0)">bin</span>:<span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(152, 26, 26)">/</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(0, 0, 0)">usr</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(152, 26, 26)">/</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(0, 0, 0)">local</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(152, 26, 26)">/</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(0, 0, 0)">php7</span>.<span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(17, 102, 68)">4.16</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(152, 26, 26)">/</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(0, 0, 0)">bin</span>:<span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(152, 26, 26)">/</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(0, 0, 0)">root</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(152, 26, 26)">/</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(0, 0, 0)">bin</span></span>
假如，已经设置了PHP环境变量，但仍旧没有生效，则继续拍错。我遇到的情况就属于这样的情况。
第二步：设置软连接
ln -s /usr/local/php7.4.16/bin/php /usr/bin/php
这样就解决咯
我是温新
每天进步一点点，就一点点
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