Vue3 Mixin的基础使用

作者: 温新

分类: 【Vue.js】

阅读: 2841

时间: 2021-08-11 14:50:14

hi,我是温新,一名PHPer

Vue3 Mixin官方定义为:Mixin 提供了一种非常灵活的方式,来分发 Vue 组件中的可复用功能。一个 mixin 对象可以包含任意组件选项。当组件使用 mixin 对象时,所有 mixin 对象的选项将被“混合”进入该组件本身的选项。

官方的解释不好理解阿,看例子吧。

<span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px"><span class="cm-tag cm-bracket" style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(17, 119, 0)"><</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(17, 119, 0)">div</span> <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(0, 0, 204)">id</span>=<span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(170, 17, 17)">"app"</span><span class="cm-tag cm-bracket" style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(17, 119, 0)">></span></span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px">    {{ webName }}</span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px"><span class="cm-tag cm-bracket" style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(17, 119, 0)"></</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(17, 119, 0)">div</span><span class="cm-tag cm-bracket" style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(17, 119, 0)">></span></span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px"><span style="box-sizing: border-box"></span></span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px"><span style="box-sizing: border-box"></span></span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px"><span class="cm-tag cm-bracket" style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(17, 119, 0)"><</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(17, 119, 0)">script</span><span class="cm-tag cm-bracket" style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(17, 119, 0)">></span></span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px">    <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(170, 85, 0)">// 使用一个对象定义Mixin</span></span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px">    <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(119, 0, 136)">const</span> <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(0, 0, 255)">myMixin</span> <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(152, 26, 26)">=</span> {</span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px">        <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(0, 0, 0)">data</span> () {</span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px">            <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(119, 0, 136)">return</span> {</span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px">                <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(0, 0, 0)">webName</span>:<span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(170, 17, 17)">'个人博客'</span></span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px">            }</span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px">        },</span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px">        <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(0, 0, 0)">created</span>(){</span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px">            <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(0, 0, 0)">console</span>.<span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(0, 0, 0)">log</span>(<span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(170, 17, 17)">'Mixin created'</span>)</span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px">        }</span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px">    };</span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px"><span style="box-sizing: border-box"></span></span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px">    <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(119, 0, 136)">const</span> <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(0, 0, 255)">app</span> <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(152, 26, 26)">=</span> <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(0, 0, 0)">Vue</span>.<span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(0, 0, 0)">createApp</span>({</span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px">        <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(170, 85, 0)">// 组件上使用Mixin</span></span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px">        <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(0, 0, 0)">mixins</span>:[<span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(0, 0, 0)">myMixin</span>],</span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px">        <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(0, 0, 0)">data</span> () {</span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px">            <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(119, 0, 136)">return</span> { <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(0, 0, 0)">webName</span>:<span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(170, 17, 17)">'自如初'</span> }</span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px">        },</span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px">        <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(0, 0, 0)">created</span>(){</span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px">            <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(0, 0, 0)">console</span>.<span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(0, 0, 0)">log</span>(<span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(170, 17, 17)">'created'</span>)</span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px">        }</span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px">    });</span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px"><span style="box-sizing: border-box"></span></span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px">    <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(0, 0, 0)">app</span>.<span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(0, 0, 0)">mount</span>(<span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(170, 17, 17)">'#app'</span>);</span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px"><span class="cm-tag cm-bracket" style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(17, 119, 0)"></</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(17, 119, 0)">script</span><span class="cm-tag cm-bracket" style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(17, 119, 0)">></span></span>

使用Mixin需要知道:

1)组件中的data 优先级大于 mixin中的data;

2)组件中的 methhods 优先级大于 mixin中的methods;

3)生命周期函数,先执行 mixin 中定义的生命周期函数,后执行组件中的生命周期函数;

4)自定义属性,组件中的属性优先级 大于 mixin中定义的属性

全局Mixin

<span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px"><span class="cm-tag cm-bracket" style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(17, 119, 0)"><</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(17, 119, 0)">div</span> <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(0, 0, 204)">id</span>=<span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(170, 17, 17)">"app"</span><span class="cm-tag cm-bracket" style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(17, 119, 0)">></</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(17, 119, 0)">div</span><span class="cm-tag cm-bracket" style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(17, 119, 0)">></span></span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px"><span style="box-sizing: border-box"></span></span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px"><span class="cm-tag cm-bracket" style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(17, 119, 0)"><</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(17, 119, 0)">script</span><span class="cm-tag cm-bracket" style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(17, 119, 0)">></span></span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px"><span style="box-sizing: border-box"></span></span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px">    <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(119, 0, 136)">const</span> <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(0, 0, 255)">app</span> <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(152, 26, 26)">=</span> <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(0, 0, 0)">Vue</span>.<span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(0, 0, 0)">createApp</span>({</span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px">        <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(0, 0, 0)">data</span> () {</span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px">            <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(119, 0, 136)">return</span> { <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(0, 0, 0)">webName</span>:<span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(170, 17, 17)">'自如初'</span> }</span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px">        },</span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px">        <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(0, 0, 0)">template</span>:<span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(255, 85, 0)">`</span></span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px">        <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(255, 85, 0)"><div></span></span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px">            <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(255, 85, 0)">{{ webName }}</span></span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px">        <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(255, 85, 0)"><hr></span></span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px">        <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(255, 85, 0)"><mi-demo></mi-demo>   </span></span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px">        <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(255, 85, 0)"></div></span></span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px">        <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(255, 85, 0)">`</span></span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px">    });</span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px"><span style="box-sizing: border-box"></span></span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px">    <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(170, 85, 0)">// 全局mixin</span></span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px">    <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(0, 0, 0)">app</span>.<span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(0, 0, 0)">mixin</span>({</span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px">        <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(0, 0, 0)">data</span> () {</span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px">            <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(119, 0, 136)">return</span> {</span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px">                <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(0, 0, 0)">name</span>:<span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(170, 17, 17)">'全局mixin中的name'</span></span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px">            }</span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px">        }</span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px">    });</span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px"><span style="box-sizing: border-box"></span></span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px">    <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(0, 0, 0)">app</span>.<span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(0, 0, 0)">component</span>(<span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(170, 17, 17)">'mi-demo'</span>, {</span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px">        <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(170, 85, 0)">// 使用全局mixin中的name</span></span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px">        <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(0, 0, 0)">template</span>:<span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(255, 85, 0)">`<div>{{ name }}</div>`</span></span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px">    });</span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px"><span style="box-sizing: border-box"></span></span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px">    <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(0, 0, 0)">app</span>.<span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(0, 0, 0)">mount</span>(<span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(170, 17, 17)">'#app'</span>);</span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px"><span class="cm-tag cm-bracket" style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(17, 119, 0)"></</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(17, 119, 0)">script</span><span class="cm-tag cm-bracket" style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(17, 119, 0)">></span></span>

自定义属性值

<span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px"><span class="cm-tag cm-bracket" style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(17, 119, 0)"><</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(17, 119, 0)">div</span> <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(0, 0, 204)">id</span>=<span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(170, 17, 17)">"app"</span><span class="cm-tag cm-bracket" style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(17, 119, 0)">></</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(17, 119, 0)">div</span><span class="cm-tag cm-bracket" style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(17, 119, 0)">></span></span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px"><span style="box-sizing: border-box"></span></span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px"><span class="cm-tag cm-bracket" style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(17, 119, 0)"><</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(17, 119, 0)">script</span><span class="cm-tag cm-bracket" style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(17, 119, 0)">></span></span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px">    <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(170, 85, 0)">// 使用一个对象定义Mixin</span></span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px">    <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(119, 0, 136)">const</span> <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(0, 0, 255)">myMixin</span> <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(152, 26, 26)">=</span> {</span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px">        <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(0, 0, 0)">webUrl</span>:<span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(170, 17, 17)">'www.ziruchu.com'</span></span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px">    };</span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px"><span style="box-sizing: border-box"></span></span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px">    <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(119, 0, 136)">const</span> <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(0, 0, 255)">app</span> <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(152, 26, 26)">=</span> <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(0, 0, 0)">Vue</span>.<span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(0, 0, 0)">createApp</span>({</span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px">        <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(170, 85, 0)">// 组件上使用Mixin</span></span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px">        <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(0, 0, 0)">mixins</span>:[<span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(0, 0, 0)">myMixin</span>],</span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px">        <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(170, 85, 0)">// 自定义属性</span></span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px">        <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(0, 0, 0)">webUrl</span>:<span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(170, 17, 17)">'https://www.ziruchu.com'</span>,</span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px">        <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(0, 0, 0)">data</span> () {</span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px">            <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(119, 0, 136)">return</span> { <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(0, 0, 0)">webName</span>:<span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(170, 17, 17)">'自如初'</span> }</span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px">        },</span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px">        <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(0, 0, 0)">template</span>:<span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(255, 85, 0)">`</span></span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px">        <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(255, 85, 0)"><div></span></span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px">            <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(255, 85, 0)">{{ this.$options.webUrl }}</span></span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px">        <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(255, 85, 0)"></div></span></span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px">        <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(255, 85, 0)">`</span></span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px">    });</span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px"><span style="box-sizing: border-box"></span></span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px">    <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(170, 85, 0)">// 修改属性优先级</span></span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px">    <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(0, 0, 0)">app</span>.<span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(0, 0, 0)">config</span>.<span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(0, 0, 0)">optionMergeStrategies</span>.<span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(0, 0, 0)">webUrl</span> <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(152, 26, 26)">=</span> (<span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(0, 0, 255)">mixinValue</span>, <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(0, 0, 255)">appValue</span>) <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(152, 26, 26)">=></span> {</span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px">        <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(170, 85, 0)">// 优先返回mixin中的属性值</span></span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px">        <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(119, 0, 136)">return</span> <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(0, 85, 170)">mixinValue</span> <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(152, 26, 26)">||</span> <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(0, 85, 170)">appValue</span>;</span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px">    }</span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px">    <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(0, 0, 0)">app</span>.<span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(0, 0, 0)">mount</span>(<span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(170, 17, 17)">'#app'</span>);</span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px"><span class="cm-tag cm-bracket" style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(17, 119, 0)"></</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(17, 119, 0)">script</span><span class="cm-tag cm-bracket" style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(17, 119, 0)">></span></span>

我是温新

第天进步一点,就一点点

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